Santa Fe Institute

Evolution & Emergence

Topic News

May 16, 2012, 3:40 p.m.

Essay: Conflict helped give rise to human cooperativeness and democratic institutions

Science

Success in competition between groups is more likely when competition and conflict within groups is moderated, says SFI Professor Sam Bowles in an essay describing how human institutions and nations, aided by conflict, could have evolved in human society. ... More

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March 27, 2012, 2:38 p.m.

High school students: Explore complexity and modeling science this summer at CAMP

This summer, SFI and George Mason University are offering an intensive two-week Complexity and Modeling Program (CAMP) for high school students on the GMU campus in northern Virginia. ... More

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April 18, 2012, 2:13 p.m.

Chemistry of life: Following carbon fixation to the earliest branches on the tree of life

PLoS Computational Biology

In a new study, SFI's Rogier Braakman and SFI's Eric Smith trace the development of life-sustaining chemistry on Earth and identify what they believe is the earliest ancestral form of carbon fixation. ... More

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Feb. 27, 2012, 9:23 a.m.

Video: What Computers Teach Us About Being Human

In a February community lecture, Brian Christian shared his experiences as a "confederate" in an annual man vs. computer "Turing Test," offering insights on ways computers are reshaping what it means to be human. Watch his presentation here. ... More

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March 10, 2012, 7:53 a.m.

Research examines how group cooperation might have evolved

The American Naturalist

New research by Erol Akçay (Princeton) and SFI Omidyar Fellow Jeremy Van Cleve demonstrates the crucial role flexible behaviors might play in the evolution of high levels of group cooperation. ... More

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March 10, 2012, 9:21 a.m.

SFI selects Paul Hooper as a 2012 Omidyar Fellow

SFI has named evolutionary anthropologist Paul Hooper as a new Omidyar Fellow for 2012. ... More

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March 10, 2012, 8:07 a.m.

Turning HIV's evolutionary acumen against it

SFI Bulletin

By turning HIV’s chief weapon, its rapid evolution, against itself, SFI External Professor Bette Korber and her team may have created a vaccine that can teach the immune system to recognize many different forms of the virus. ... More

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March 10, 2012, 9 a.m.

Working group asks what cultural processes gave rise to monogamy

A recent working group at SFI explored the cultural processes that give rise to social monogamy and examined a number of different explanations for its persistence in many human societies. ... More

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Feb. 21, 2012, 11:59 a.m.

Video: Cities are sources of problems...and their solutions

Cities are a source of many of the world's most pressing problems. But urbanization might also offer their solutions, according to SFI Distinguished Professor Geoffrey West in an online video. ... More

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Feb. 13, 2012, 12:20 p.m.

Can ecological thinking (and math) help us understand human diversity?

Santa Fe New Mexican

SFI Omidyar Fellow James O'Dwyer argues that mathematics, combined with an ecological way of thinking, can help humankind better understand diversity in both ecological and human settings. ... More

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Feb. 12, 2012, 9:03 p.m.

SFI: 'America's smartest lunch'

The Daily Beast

An article in The Daily Beast calls SFI "America's smartest lunch" and describes how the convergence of scientists, humanists, and other scholars fosters the Institute's signature freestyle forms of collaboration. ... More

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Feb. 9, 2012, 12:05 p.m.

Video: How the language of mathematics is leading to insights about social complexity

In a video interview, SFI President Jerry Sabloff says the language of mathematics has made it possible for researchers from half a dozen fields to ask new questions about social complexity. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 4:20 p.m.

Two longtime SFI scientists join Institute's resident faculty

The Institute has named two longtime SFI-affiliated researchers, Cris Moore and Luis Bettencourt, to its full-time resident faculty. ... More

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Feb. 6, 2012, 11:56 a.m.

The roles of time and chance: Read the 2012 SFI Bulletin online now

The tension between contingency and the regularities that underlie historical processes is a key to understanding many complex systems. SFI's 2012 Bulletin, now online, explores the interplay of time and chance. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 3:53 p.m.

Technological progress not slow or steady, but superexponential

Technological Forecasting & Social Change

Rather than improving at a (merely) exponential rate as some have theorized, information technology improves superexponentially -- which is to say, its progress accelerates -- according to SFI research. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 12:05 p.m.

Mouse to elephant: Species shrink at faster rates than they grow

PNAS

Two SFI researchers are among an international team of scientists asking how fast mammal species have grown since the dinosaurs, how fast some species have shrunk, and why. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 2:24 p.m.

New NSF grant to support research in 'natural computation'

All living organisms collect information from their environments and use it to adapt. SFI Omidyar Fellow Simon DeDeo likes to think of this as a form of “natural computation.” ... More

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Jan. 27, 2012, 3:59 p.m.

SFI at Davos: How a complex systems approach can help improve economic, social, & cyber systems

At a session of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, SFI scientists described ways the latest research in complex systems might enhance the resilience and control of economic, social, and cyber systems. ... More

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Jan. 27, 2012, 2:38 p.m.

SFI at Davos: Improved cybersecurity inspired by biology

At a session of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, SFI External Professor Stephanie Forrest offered insights about cybersecurity, drawing inspiration from biology. ... More

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Jan. 27, 2012, 11:58 a.m.

SFI at Davos: How rapidly advancing technologies might disrupt economic systems

Financial Times

At a session during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, SFI External Professor W. Brian Arthur offered insights about the impact of technologies that have the ability to disrupt economic systems. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 3:41 p.m.

Warmer climate may prompt ill-prepared animals

Proceedings of the Royal Society B

In a recent paper, two SFI researchers and their collaborators suggest ways some animals’ developmental responses to a warmer climate may inhibit their abilities to thrive. ... More

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Jan. 26, 2012, 1:29 p.m.

The cooperation conundrum: Scientists weigh in on understanding altruism

Social Evolution Forum

SFI External Professors Herbert Gintis and Jessica Flack weigh in on the challenges of understanding self-regarding versus cooperative behavior. ... More

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Jan. 4, 2012, 1:19 p.m.

City’s openness is key to its efficiency, long life

InformationWeek

Cities are open systems whose free-flow of people and ideas continually rejuvenates them, whereas corporations are closed systems that peak and die, according to an InformationWeek article that cites SFI's cities research. ... More

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Jan. 10, 2012, 3:04 p.m.

Study: Lean and obese people have different gut microbe networks

PNAS

By constructing models of the microbial communities inside the human digestive system, a team led by SFI External Professor Elhanan Borenstein has revealed key differences between the microbial network interactions in the guts of lean and obese people. ... More

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Jan. 4, 2012, 1:50 p.m.

Audio: SFI President Jerry Sabloff on SFI, science, and what scientists are learning about complexity

Santa Fe Radio Cafe

In a radio interview, SFI President Jerry Sabloff discusses SFI's signature style of scientific collaboration, and what scientists are learning about the evolution of intelligence, cities, and social complexity. ... More

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Jan. 3, 2012, 3:08 p.m.

Comparing apple valleys and orange counties: The young science of cities

Urbanite Baltimore

In Urbanite Baltimore, SFI Professors Geoffrey West and Luis Bettencourt discuss their nascent theory of cities, indicators of urban health and ideas for improving it, and Baltimore’s place in the metropolitan spectrum. ... More

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Jan. 3, 2012, 11:30 a.m.

2012 at SFI: Asking big questions that matter

Santa Fe New Mexican

SFI President Jerry Sabloff tells readers of the Santa Fe New Mexican what the Institute does, and why 2012 is a year for asking big questions at SFI. ... More

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Dec. 13, 2011, 1:22 p.m.

Major new Templeton Foundation grant to support SFI complexity science

SFI News

SFI has been awarded a major new grant from the John Templeton Foundation to pursue fundamental understandings of the hidden regularities in complex biological and social systems. ... More

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Dec. 1, 2011, 5:01 p.m.

Video: Can conflicts in animal societies be studied as computations?

SFI News

SFI Omidyar Fellow Simon DeDeo describes his interest in "natural computation" -- in particular whether researchers can describe and analyze conflicts in animal societies as a series of computations. ... More

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Nov. 23, 2011, 11:44 a.m.

Big cities might be greener, and better, than we think

Scientific American

It's true that cities are magnets for crime, pollution, and disease. But they also are centers of innovation, economic growth, and efficiency, argue SFI's Luis Bettencourt and Geoffrey West in Scientific American. ... More

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Nov. 23, 2011, 2:38 p.m.

Hell on Earth: Study examines 'great dying' 252 million years ago

Science

A study co-authored by SFI Faculty Chair Doug Erwin offers new details about the "great dying" 252 million years ago, during which three-quarters of the life on Earth perished. ... More

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Nov. 23, 2011, 12:22 p.m.

New evidence of animal development that led to the Cambrian explosion

Science

A study combining a new compilation of the fossil record with the most extensive molecular dataset to date pins the last common ancestor of all living animals to 800 million years ago and sheds new light on the Cambrian explosion. ... More

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Nov. 22, 2011, 5:18 p.m.

Nearly 4 billion people now live in cities. Isn't it time we know urban systems?

Nature Geoscience

The majority of the world's people now lives in cities, yet relatively little is known about urban systems, writes SFI External Professor Luis Bettencourt in a recent book review in Nature Geoscience. ... More

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Nov. 8, 2011, 1:55 p.m.

Continued population growth necessitates continuously faster innovation

Scientific American

The growth of the global population beyond 7 billion means the pace of innovation must also continue to increase, said SFI Distinguished Professor Geoffrey West at the recent Compass Summit conference. ... More

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Nov. 8, 2011, 2:12 p.m.

The border battle between forest and savanna

Science

Modeling by SFI Science Board member Simon Levin and collaborators explores how forests and savannas maintain a balance at the boundaries between the two. ... More

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Oct. 27, 2011, 1:42 p.m.

Audio - Shrews to sloths, Santa Fe to San Francisco: Species and cities scale similarly

Conversation Crossroad

On the talk radio blog Conversation Crossroad, SFI Distinguished Professor Geoffrey West discusses SFI's work to develop a unified theory of cities. ... More

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Oct. 27, 2011, 2:20 p.m.

Study: Mammal speciation & body size evolution operate independently

Nature

Speciation and body size evolution operate independently in the mammalian family tree, conclude SFI External Professor Mark Pagel and his collaborators in Nature. This could explain dramatic size differences between closely related mammals. ... More

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Oct. 27, 2011, 1:27 p.m.

Video: Metabolic rate scaling with species size ties to constraints of networks

MIT's Cambridge Nights

In an interview on MIT's Cambridge Nights program, SFI Distinguished Professor Geoffrey West discusses the implications of metabolic rate scaling with species size. ... More

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Sept. 30, 2011, 12:19 p.m.

Destabilizing effects of class structure could have driven its global spread

PLOS One

Evolutionary biologists at Stanford, including SFI Science Board co-chair Marcus Feldman, examined why most cultures have a class structure instead of being egalitarian, concluding that the very inequities of the class system may have been the driver for its global spread. ... More

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Oct. 24, 2011, 11:28 a.m.

What kind of computer is the brain?

Santa Fe New Mexican

SFI's Chris Wood asks what the evolved brain has that modern computers don't, and suggests that having a more comprehensive understanding of the brain would allow us to apply new computational approaches to problem solving. ... More

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Oct. 17, 2011, 10:57 a.m.

Examining evolution for 50,000 generations

Wired

SFI Science Board member Richard Lenski has been studying the evolution of 12 strains of E. coli since 1988, more than 50,000 generations, an example of the value of long-term datasets, according to Wired. ... More

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Oct. 11, 2011, 1:21 p.m.

Yoda grammar: Ancient sentences likely ended with verbs

USA Today

The proto-language from which most modern languages descended likely featured a sentence structure in which the verb came last, say SFI's Murray Gell-Mann and Stanford's Merritt Ruhlen. ... More

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Sept. 30, 2011, 11:32 a.m.

Video: Questions of time, life, change, acceleration, & stability

Scientific American

At the Foundational Questions Institute’s recent conference on the nature of time, three SFI scientists offered perspectives from their respective fields. Watch their presentations here. ... More

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Sept. 20, 2011, 1:10 p.m.

New book surveys today's scientific understanding of evolution

A new book co-edited by SFI External Professor Stefan Thurner draws from math, physics, biochemistry, and cell biology to provide a comprehensive survey of today’s scientific understanding of evolution. ... More

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Sept. 30, 2011, 3:21 p.m.

Video: SFI's Sam Bowles on prospects for a more equal, altruistic society

Report from Santa Fe

On "Report from Santa Fe" with journalist Lorene Mills, SFI Professor Sam Bowles discusses economic inequality in America, the evolution of altruism in the human species, and his new book A Cooperative Species. ... More

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Sept. 29, 2011, 11:05 a.m.

SFI's Krakauer to lead transdisciplinary Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

SFI's David Krakauer has been named director of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. SFI Professor Jessica Flack will co-direct the university's new Center for Complex Systems and Collective Computation. ... More

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Aug. 9, 2011, 1:34 p.m.

Resident faculty positions: SFI seeks broad, creative, risk-taking, transdisciplinary thinkers

The Santa Fe Institute is seeking nominations and applications for resident faculty positions. ... More

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Sept. 26, 2011, 3:05 p.m.

Language: Our cooperative genes talking

Santa Fe New Mexican

All animals communicate, but of all the species on Earth, humans alone have language. SFI External Professor Mark Pagel asks why in a Santa Fe New Mexican article and in a TED Global 2011 video presentation. ... More

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Sept. 20, 2011, 2:36 p.m.

New book examines nature of evolutionary innovation

A new book by SFI External Professor Andreas Wagner examines four billion years of evolution for clues about the nature of evolutionary innovation. ... More

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Sept. 20, 2011, 1 p.m.

Book examines sudden change in complex systems

Physics treats sudden changes in complex chemical or physical systems as phase transitions. A new book examines phase transition phenomena in a broad range of complex systems, from ecology to society. ... More

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Sept. 12, 2011, 11:50 a.m.

Maintaining the peace via immune system dynamics

PLoS One

A healthy society keeps aggressive individuals in check, just as a healthy immune system controls infection. New research by SFI scientists reveals an efficient means of containing conflict at many levels, from cells to societies. ... More

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Sept. 13, 2011, 12:22 p.m.

Video: 'Urban metabolism' defines & constrains all cities

Humanity’s greatest social innovation is the city, says The Atlantic. The article mentions SFI research that finds surprising statistical regularities among cities, patterns the researchers relate to an underlying "urban metabolism." Watch the video here. ... More

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Aug. 30, 2011, 9:48 a.m.

Video: Cognitive ubiquity - The evolution of intelligence on Earth

Stanislaw Ulam Memorial Lecture Series

In three Community Lectures over three nights, SFI Professor David Krakauer explored extraordinarily convergent theories from math, physics, computation, and biology describing the emergence of intelligence on Earth. Watch or download the lectures here.  ... More

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Aug. 31, 2011, 2:25 p.m.

Video: Unraveling the chemistry of life

Omidyar Fellowship

In a short video profile, SFI Omidyar Fellow Rogier Braakman describes his quest to reveal how chemistry evolved in the universe, from interstellar clouds to living organisms here on Earth. Watch it here. ... More

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Aug. 31, 2011, 1:38 p.m.

Video: Modeling the decline of an endangered language

Omidyar Fellowship

In a short video, SFI Omidyar Fellow Anne Kandler describes her research to model mathematically the decline of the Gaelic language of Scotland in search of insights about how endangered cultures might be preserved. Watch it here. ... More

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Aug. 29, 2011, 3:59 p.m.

New blog: What's happening in complexity science

Exploring Complexity blog

A new blog by SFI External Professor Melanie Mitchell sorts the "fluff from the stuff" in complexity science. ... More

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Publications

  • Complete HOX Cluster Characterization of the Coelacanth Provides Further Evidence for Slow Evolution of Its Genome
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    2010 vol.107 no.8 , 6 page(s) [MORE]
  • Discrete Epidemic Models
    Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering
    2010 vol.7 no.1 , 15 page(s) [MORE]
  • Living Technology: Exploiting Life's Principles in Technology
    Artificial Life
    2010 vol.16 no.1 , 8 page(s) [MORE]
  • Mosaic HIV-1 Vaccines Expand the Breadth and Depth of Cellular Immune Responses in Rhesus Monkeys
    Nature Medicine
    2010 vol.16 no.3 [MORE]
  • Predicting Effects of Ecosystem Engineering on Species Richness Along Primary Productivity Gradients
    Acta Oecologica - International Journal of Ecology
    2010 vol.36 no.1 , 9 page(s) [MORE]

Research Summary

How did life emerge from early earth’s primitive geochemistry? What can computerized approximations of life tell us about the evolution of real-life processes such as metabolism, reproduction, and mutation? Can understanding the principles that underlie how ecosystems form, become stable, and change help us measure and respond to ecological threat? What norms have emerged that make human societies more stable? Will a better understanding of the eternal dance of viral mutation and human immune response teach us to beat HIV and other pathogens? SFI’s research of complex living systems incorporates theoretical inquiry, modeling, and empirical study.

People

Philip W. Anderson

Science Board

Professor Emeritus, Princeton University, Physics

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Nihat Ay

External Professor

Leader of Max Planck Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences

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Carl Bergstrom

External Professor

Professor, University of Washington, Dept. of Biology

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Tanmoy Bhattacharya

Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Scientist IV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T-8

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Rogier Braakman

Omidyar Fellow

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Caroline Buckee

Omidyar Fellow

Assistant Professor, Harvard University, School of Public Health

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Aaron Clauset

Omidyar Fellow

Assistant Professor, University of Colorado, Boulder, Computer Science

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James P. Crutchfield

External Professor

Director, Complexity Sciences Center, Professor of Physics, University of California, Davis, Complexity Sciences Center and Physics

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Lisa Curran

External Professor

Senior Fellow, Woods Institute, Roger and Cynthia Lang Professor in Environmental Anthropology, Stanford University, Anthropology

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Rob de Boer

External Professor

Professor, Utrecht University, Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics

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Andrew Dobson

External Professor

Professor, Princeton University, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology

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Jennifer A. Dunne

Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Co-Director, Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Lab

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Santiago F. Elena

External Professor

CSIC Professor, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Evolutionary Systems Virology Group

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Brian Enquist

External Professor

Associate Professor, University of Arizona, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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Douglas H. Erwin

Chair of Faculty and Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Senior Scientist and Curator of Paleobiology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Paleobiology

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Nina Fedoroff

Science Board, External Professor

Evan Pugh Professor; Distinguished Visiting Professor, Penn State Universityp; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences

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Marcus W. Feldman

Science Board Co-Chair, External Professor

Wohlford Professor, Stanford University, Biological Sciences

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Jessica Flack

External Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Co-Director, Center for Complexity and Collectiive Computation, Wisconsin Institute of Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison

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Walter Fontana

Science Board, External Professor

Professor of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Systems Biology

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Deborah M. Gordon

Science Board

Professor, Stanford University, Biological Sciences

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Jessica Green

External Professor

Associate Professor, University of Oregon Eugene, Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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Sanjay Jain

External Professor

Professor, University of Delhi, Department of Physics and Astrophysics

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Mimi Koehl

Science Board

Professor, University of California-Berkeley, Dept. of Integrative Biology

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Bette Korber

External Professor

Laboratory Fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics

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David Krakauer

External Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Director, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

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Steve Lansing

External Professor

Professor, University of Arizona, Anthropology and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology

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Simon A. Levin

Science Board

Moffett Professor of Biology, Princeton University, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology

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Pablo Marquet

External Professor

Professor, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Ecology

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Lauren Ancel Meyers

Science Board, External Professor

Professor and Director , University of Texas at Austin, Section of Integrative Biology and Division of Statistics and Scientific Computation

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Harold Morowitz

Science Board Chair, Emeritus, Santa Fe Institute

Clarence J. Robinson Professor of Biology and Natural Philosophy, George Mason University, Krasnow Institute

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Michel Morvan

External Professor

IXXI-Complex Systems Institute-LIP-Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Computer Science

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Mark Pagel

External Professor

Professor, Reading University, School of Biological Sciences

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Mercedes Pascual

External Professor

Rosemary Grant Collegiate Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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Alan Perelson

Science Board, External Professor

Senior Fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mathematical and Theoretical Biology

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Walter (Woody) Powell

External Professor

Professor, Stanford University, School of Education

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Steen Rasmussen

External Professor

Professor, Research Director and Center Leader, University of Southern Denmark, Self Organizing Systems

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Van P. Savage

External Professor

Assistant Professor, UCLA School of Medicine, Department of Systems Biology

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Daniel Schrag

Science Board, External Professor

Professor, Earth and Planetary Sciences; Director, Center for the Environment, Harvard University, Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography

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Cosma Shalizi

External Professor

Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, Statistics Department

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D. Eric Smith

External Professor

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Ricard Solé

External Professor

ICREA-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Life Sciences

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Peter Stadler

External Professor

Professor, University of Leipzig, Dept. of Computer Science & Interdisciplinary Center of Bioinformatics

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Charles Stevens

Science Board, External Professor

Professor and Vincent J. Coates Chair in Molecular Neurobiology, The Salk Institute, Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory

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Jessika Trancik

Omidyar Fellow

Assistant Professor of Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Jeremy Van Cleve

Omidyar Fellow

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Sander van der Leeuw

External Professor

Professor, Dean, Arizona State University, School of Sustainability

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Andreas Wagner

External Professor

Professor, University of Zurich, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environ. Studies

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Geoffrey West

Science Board, Science Steering Committee

Distinguished Professor and Past President, Santa Fe Institute

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Jon Wilkins

External Professor

Ronin Institute

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